Up to half of the food aid intended for needy Somalis is routinely diverted, according to a United Nations report, an extract of which was obtained by Agence France-Presse on Wednesday.
The report by the UN Monitoring Group on Somalia, originally tasked with tracking violations of the arms embargo, was very critical of the world body's food agency WFP and condemned a de facto cartel of distributors.
The report, which was submitted to the UN Security Council's sanctions committee, said that while access to WFP contracts should in theory be subject to tender, there was "little or no scope for genuine competition".
"Preliminary investigations by the Monitoring Group indicate the existence of a de facto cartel, characterised by irregular procedures in the awarding of contracts by the WFP country office, discriminatory practices and preferential treatment," the report said.
The Monitoring Group found that WFP transportation contracts are the single largest source of revenue in Somalia and "just three contractors receive 80% of that business", which weighed in at $200-million in 2009.
"For more than 12 years, delivery of WFP food aid has been dominated by three individuals and their family members or close associates," it said.
Wealth, influence
"These three men have become some of the wealthiest and most influential individuals in Somalia."
The UN report pointed out that the vast majority of humanitarian assistance to the troubled Horn of Africa country consists of food aid, most of which is provided by the WFP.
In 2009, it accounted for 60% of the total UN assistance budget, or $485-million.
The report explained that because WFP requires that implementing partners themselves certify the delivery of food, they often agree with the transporters and other players to divert the aid and share the proceeds.
"Percentages vary, but sources interviewed by the Monitoring Group describe an approximate division of 30% for the implementing partner and local WFP personnel, 10% for ground transporter, and 5 to 10% for the armed group in control of the area," it said.
"The remainder of the consignment is distributed to the recipient population," it said, pointing out that transporters themselves admitted "the system offers a variety of opportunities for diversion all along the supply chain."
WFP ban
Late last month, the al-Qaeda-inspired insurgent group al-Shabaab, which controls about 80% of the country, banned the WFP from operating in Somalia.
In January, the food agency had announced the suspension of its operations in southern Somalia, citing months of attacks and extortion by insurgents.
The WFP replied it would probe the allegations.
"We have not yet seen the UN Somalia Monitoring Group report, but we will investigate all of the allegations as we have always done in the past if questions have been raised about our operations," WFP deputy executive director Amir Abdulla said in a statement.
"Despite dangerous operating conditions, WFP has sought to follow all rules and regulations surrounding our operations," he said.
In its report, the UN Monitoring Group also alleged that systematic collusion between transporters, implementing partners and armed groups had spawned very large paramilitary outfits.
"The provision of food aid has thus become a militarised business, with businessmen maintaining their own militias in order to protect their warehouses, convoys and distribution points," the document said.
"Not surprisingly, WFP contractors have maintained some of the largest private militias in southern Somalia," it added. - AFP
"Percentages vary, but sources interviewed by the Monitoring Group describe an approximate division of 30% for the implementing partner and local WFP personnel, 10% for ground transporter, and 5 to 10% for the armed group in control of the area," it said.
"The remainder of the consignment is distributed to the recipient population," it said, pointing out that transporters themselves admitted "the system offers a variety of opportunities for diversion all along the supply chain."
WFP ban
Late last month, the al-Qaeda-inspired insurgent group al-Shabaab, which controls about 80% of the country, banned the WFP from operating in Somalia.
In January, the food agency had announced the suspension of its operations in southern Somalia, citing months of attacks and extortion by insurgents.
The WFP replied it would probe the allegations.
"We have not yet seen the UN Somalia Monitoring Group report, but we will investigate all of the allegations as we have always done in the past if questions have been raised about our operations," WFP deputy executive director Amir Abdulla said in a statement.
"Despite dangerous operating conditions, WFP has sought to follow all rules and regulations surrounding our operations," he said.
In its report, the UN Monitoring Group also alleged that systematic collusion between transporters, implementing partners and armed groups had spawned very large paramilitary outfits.
"The provision of food aid has thus become a militarised business, with businessmen maintaining their own militias in order to protect their warehouses, convoys and distribution points," the document said.
"Not surprisingly, WFP contractors have maintained some of the largest private militias in southern Somalia," it added. - AFP
Source: http://www.mg.co.za/article/2010-03-10-half-of-somalia-food-aid-diverted-says-un-report
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